Steam-engine



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F. M. DAVIS.

STEAM ENGINE. v y1\I .5o2,7o7. Pmnted^Aug.,'1a9s. y

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STEAM ENGINE. l y

Patented Aug. 8,'1893.

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UNITED.- STATES PATENT @F.Frcn.

FRANK. M. DAVIS, OF O-SKALOOSA,7-IOWA.

STEAM ENGINE.

srncIFeArIoN forming 'part oft Letters Patent No. 502,707, dated Agnst s, 1893.

Application filed March 10, 1893.

To all whom t may concern/.-

Beit known that L FRANK. M. DAvIs, a citizen of the United States, residing at Oskaloosa, in the county of Mahaska and State of Iowa, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in `Steam-Engineman'd I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use thev same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specication.

My invention relates to that class of steam engines in which the cylinders are adapted to oscillate, and my` object is to provide a double-acting or compound engine which will be more effective in operation, economical' and simple.

To this end my invention consists in the peculiar construction and arrangements of parts more fully described hereinafter and pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the `accompanying drawings: Figure 1 representsa side elevation of an engine embodying the essential features of my invention; Fig. 2 a'plan view; Fig. 3am enlarged lateral section of a portion of the engine; Fig. 4 a cross-section of a portion of the engine; Fig. 5 an enlarged detail perspective view of one of the valves; Fig. 6 a detail lview of the valve-stem and adjoining parts. 7 a longitudinal section of the reversing valve and adjoining parts; Fig. 8 a diagrammatical view of the valve showingits mode of operation; Fig. 9 a detail view of the hollow trunnion at its inlet into the cylinder.

The reference letter A indicates the bedupon which my improved engine is mounted. This may be of any preferred construction or kind, the form shown being however Ypre'- ferred.v On the front portion of the bedAis journaled the engine-shaft A in the pillowblocks or bearings'a., Aguided .and rendered movable toward and from the cylinder by the dove-tailed base-portion'a working in a corresponding bead or rib a2 on the bed, and held in position by the bolts a2. Upon the shaft A is mounted the balance-wheel and powerdrum A2.

The rear or main portion of the bed A is adapted for the reception of the engine-cyl- Fig.

Serial No. Ll65,101. (No model.)

inders. To this end two sets of pillow blocks or bearings B, B are provided, being duplicates of each other. These, like the b earings a are arranged vto be adj usted by the movable base-portion b and bolts Z9. By reason of these adjustable bearings both the engineshaft and cylinders may be adjusted to compensate for wear and to provide for the different classes of work to be performed.

Mounted between the bearings B, B are the cylinders C, C provided with the usual pistons c and rods c', the outer vends of said rods being connected to the engine-shaft A through the medium of the crank c2 and Wristpin c3.Y The cylinders C, C are, as previously stated, of the oscillatory type and formed by casting integral with the valvechest C and steam-pipes or trunnions D and D. Formed integral with the outer side of each cylinder is a trunnion C3 of the ordinary construction and arranged to bear in the boxes B, B, which are on lthe outer edge of the bed A. Constructed to be integral -with the valve-chest C are the pipes D, D of different sizes and fitting one within the other. These pipes or the pipe D which is the outer one, form the trunnion for Ythe inner side of the' cylinder and its attachments. The inner pipe D ,projects to the'left slightly beyond its comv'panion D,andisvarranged to abut against` l'a registering Ior matching pipe D2 held thereagainst by the casting E and packing-gland vF.2,'which gland also insures a steam-tight joint between the pipesl D and D2. The outer pipe D has its end fitted in a portion of the casting E and rendered steam-tight by the packing gland E3.- This pipe D communicates witha branche of the casting E, which is in turn connected with a pipe d extending parallel with the pipe D2, the two forming a fcontinuous passage for the steam. From the above description it will be seen that thepipes D, D being `the cylinder trunnions, are arranged to rock or oscillate in unison with the engine-cylinder, while the castingE and pipes d and D2 are adapted to yremain stationary. The pipes D, Dare journaled in the Vinner boxes B at a point between the casting E and the steam-box C2. This forms the remaining trunnion for each of the cylinders The reference letter F indicates the steamfeed pipe or conduit, which is connected at ICO its lower end to a chest F. This chest communicates with the pipes d and D2 of each cylinder, and is provided with a reversing valve as shown by Fig. 7. Formed in the cylindrical interior of the chest F are three openings f,f,f2, the opening f being in connection with the exhaust pipe f3, and the openingsf, f2 in connection with the passages f4 and f5 which are open at both ends and communicate thereat with the steam-pipes CZ and D2 of each cylinderrespectively. The openingsjfQf2 of the steam-chest F extend around the entire interior surface of the chest and on the same or an even plane to admit of the operation of thereversing-valve G, which is adapted to reciprocate over its seat, or that portion of the chest in which the aforesaid openings are formed. The reversing valve G is cylindrical in shape and formed with a hollow interior to permit the circulation of steam. Formed at each end of the valve G is a llange or rib g, which operates in conjunction with the openings f, f and f2. The valve is operated by a stem g2 connected to it and extending through the chest F by way of the packing-gland g3, its outer end being pivotally connected to the operating-lever g4 on the outer portion of the chest. When the valve is in the position shown in Fig. S, the live steam will be made to pass into the pipe D2 and the exhaust to pass from the pipe d through the opening f and into the exhaust opening f', from whence it goes to the exhaust. By shifting the valve G to the right, it will be obvious that the conditions will be reversed and with them the movement of the engine.

The cylinder-valve mechanism will now be described. Arranged to be immovable in the stationary pipe D2 is a skeleton disk H, having in addition to its openings for the passage ot steam, a central opening h into which is fixed one end of the rod H This rod extends through the pipe D2 and through the rocking pipe D', but has no connection with the latter except by way of the bearing-box h which is formed integral with the pipe D', and is arranged with the rod H so that the said rod will have a bearing therein; but the box h will be movable irrespective of the said rod. From this point therod H extends into the steam-chest C', Where its end is provided with an arm 1-12 having at its end a wrist-pin H3. This crank extends vertically from the rod H and is, as is also the rod, immovable in relation to the steam-chest C within which it is located, the interior construction of the chest C being of a character that will admit locating the crank therein and of the rocking motion of the chest.

The pipe D is formed or divided at the point of inlet into the valve-chest, into two outlets M, M. These outlets are arranged on the same horizontal plane and communicate with particular parts of the valve-chest as will be fully described hereinafter. The dividing of the pipe D is elected by the smaller pipe or the pipe D which is flattened vertically at its outlet and is divided into two outlet oriices m', m on a vertical plane with each other. The space occurring in the center of the openings of pipe D has formed in it the bearingbox h for the stem or rod Il' referred to before. As previously explained the valve-chest C and the cylinder C, are cast integral with each other, together with the seat for the valve. The letter I indicates the valve-seat which is adapted for a cylindrical valve and formed with the circular openings I at each end. In these openings the steam-ports or passages l2 are formed, which communicate `with the induction or eductionports I3. The

seat is enlarged into a closed chamber at t', and with this` chamber the orifices m', m of the pipe D communicate; the crank H2 is also arranged in this chamber. As shown in Fig. 3, both ends of the cylinder and valvechest when cast, are left open through which openings the piston and valve respectively may be inserted. By this means the valve J is seated by pushing it through the opening provided therefor. Vhen this has been done, and the cylinder also in position, the plate C is secured over the open ends of the valvechest and cylinder and the opening made airtight. The arm J of the valve I, is secured to the valve by bolts and inserted in position by means ot'r an opening t2 formed in the top of the valve-chest C', which opening is hermetically sealed by the lid or plate C3 bolted or otherwise removably secured over it. Formed on the under side of the lid C3 directly over the arm J so as to embrace its upper end, is a groove 7c by which regular movement is insured and the valve J prevented from rolling laterally. The arm J has formed in it near its upper end, a vertically elongated slot j in which the block .7" fits so that it will be capable of vertical movement therein, but incapable of any further movement; or in other words, not able to fall out of its bearings. In the opening 7'2 of the block j the Wrist-pin H3 of the crank 1-12 lits loosely, so that the arm J can swing thereon, the crank being stationary. The valve J, is as before stated, cylindrical in shape and provided with a longitudinal passage L and end flanges L', which latter co-operate with the ports I2 and 13, so as to admit and receive steam respectively, while the passage L serves similar functions, all of which will be fully described.

The orifices M, M of the pipe D communicate with the separate passages M2 and M301? the valve-chest, which extends toward its outer ends and thereat connect with the chambert' by Wa'y of the openings fm, m therein; While the orifices M,l\/ both open directly into the said chamber. By referring to the drawings it will be seen that when the steam enters the valve-chest, say by Way of the pipe D', it will pass directly into the cylinder by Way of the left-hand ports l2 and I3, and that the exhaust will pass through the right-hand ports by way of the passages M3 and L--M2 to the pipe D.

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The moment the valve is shifted the conditions will be reversed; the live steam entering the cylinder by way of the right-hand port I2-Is and the exhaust escaping by the left.

The preferred construction of my invention having now been described, I will proceed to describe its mode of operation, reference being had to the drawings. The steam on entering the chest F passes, according to the disposition of the valve G, into one of the pipes d or D2 of each cylinder; say for example D2, from whence it passes along the pipe D and into the valve-chest C. Assuming that the parts of the valve are in the position shown by Fig. 3, the steam on passing from the pipe D will proceed around the valve J and into the cylinder by way of the openings I2--I3 to the right. Thence a portion goes through opening L of valve J and along the passage M2 to the pipe D, while the remainder passes directly through the passage M3 to the pipe D as indicated by dotted lines and arrows. When the valve J r is reversed the course of the steam changes in accordance therewith. From the pipe D it passes out of the chest F and is thrown into the exhaust by the valve G, as previously explained. The parts of the cylinder and valve are so adjusted and timed that when the piston has made, say for example half of its in-stroke, the valve J will, by reason of the oscillations of the valvechest, slide on its seat so as to change its relation to the ports 12-13, thereby reversing the Valve so as to direct thelive steam through the opening which previously carried olf the exhaust and vice versa.

The operation of the valve is clearly shown in the diagrammatical viewin Fig. 8. It must be kept in mind that the rod H remains in all cases stationary, and that the valve is 4o swung or operated only-by the oscillatory motion of the cylinder and valve-chest. It will also be rememberedl that the castings E, E and chest F are immovable.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim isl. In an'oscillating steam-engine, the combination with a cylinder, of a hollow steamconducting trunnion, an immovable valve stem extending through the'same, and a valve pivotally connected to the stem so as to oscillate thereon, the'conditions of the valve being changed by the oscillations of the cylinder.

2. In an oscillating steam-engine, the combination with the cylinder, of ahollow steamconducting trunnion having two passages for the live andexhaust steam respectively, an immovable valve-stem extending through the said trunnion, and a valve pivotally secured to the stem so as to oscillate thereon,the conditions of the valve being changed by the oscillations of the cylinder.

3. In an oscillating steam engine the com- I bination of a cylinder, two steam conducting pipes fitting one within the other and arranged for the live and exhaust steam, formed integral with or rigidly fastened to the cylinder and forming the cylinder trunnion, and a stationary socket into which the steam conducting pipes are fitted and adapted to oscillate,

/ the steam being fed to the sockets and thence to the pipes substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

FRANK. M. DAVIS. Witnesses:

WM. J ARNOLD, JOHN LANDERs. 

